Fig. 5

a-g The AVM involving the right precentral knob in patient 5. Ipsilesional SA, contralesional SPL and contralesional PMA were activated by left hand movement (in green). The peak motor activity point was located at cotralesional PMA (green start). Functionally tracked fiber tracts derived from ipsilesional SA and travelled along the anatomic CST pathways (in yellow). h Postoperative MRI scan. i and j Intraoperative electrical positive stimulation sites were found at cortex (i) and subcortex levels (j) just behind the lesion